Theories of Deviance Psychological and Biological Explanations This chapter will cover the theories of deviance used by sociologists and will also cover current crime statistics. Sociological interest in deviance includes both interests in measuring formal deviance (statistics of criminal behavior see below), examining how people (individually and collectively) define some things deviant and others normative, and a number of theories that try to explain both the role of deviance in society and its origins. The norms and rules of the Christ Desert Monastery are examples of how norms are relative to cultures. In the Christ Desert Monastery there are specific rules about when the residents can and cannot speak, including a specific ban on speaking between 7:30 pm and 4:00 am. ![]() society it is uncommon for people to restrict their speech to certain hours of the day. If norms are relative, what is required to deviate from those norms (i.e., deviance) is relative as well. This makes sense given that cultural norms are relative. Examples of informal deviance might include: picking one's nose, belching loudly (in some cultures), or standing too close to another unnecessarily (again, in some cultures).Īs the last two examples in the preceding paragraph illustrate, deviance can vary quite dramatically from culture to culture. ![]() The second type of deviant behavior refers to violations of informal social norms, norms that have not been codified into law, and is referred to as informal deviance. Examples of formal deviance would include: robbery, theft, rape, murder, and assault, just to name a few. The first, crime is the violation of formally enacted laws and is referred to as formal deviance. Deviance is often divided into two types of deviant activities. Norms are social expectations that guide human behavior. Introduction to deviance Picking one's nose is an example of informal devianceĭeviance is any behavior that violates cultural norms. 5.3 Sexual Violence on College Campuses.3.1 Incarceration Rates and Populations.2.1 Psychological and Biological Explanations.
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